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Ankle Arthroscopy

Ankle arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat a variety of ankle conditions, including impingement, loose bodies, cartilage damage, and inflammation. It involves using a small camera (arthroscope) inserted through tiny incisions to visualize and address problems inside the ankle joint.

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This technique is supported by evidence-based practice, showing improved recovery times, reduced postoperative pain, and better long-term outcomes compared to open surgery in appropriately selected cases.

What Does the Surgery Involve?

During ankle arthroscopy:

  • Small incisions (keyholes) are made around the ankle.

  • A tiny camera is inserted to provide a clear view of the joint.

  • Specialized instruments are used to remove scar tissue, bone spurs, loose cartilage, or inflamed synovium.

  • The joint is washed out to remove debris and improve mobility.

The procedure is usually performed under general or regional anesthesia and takes about 30–60 minutes.

Alternative Treatments

Non-surgical options may be considered before surgery, including:

  • Physiotherapy – Strengthening and mobility exercises to improve function.

  • Anti-inflammatory medications – NSAIDs to reduce pain and swelling.

  • Steroid injections – Temporary relief for inflammation-related conditions.

  • Activity modification – Avoiding aggravating movements or sports.

If symptoms persist despite these measures, arthroscopy may be recommended.

Risks and Complications

While ankle arthroscopy is generally safe, potential risks include:

  • Infection (rare, <1%)

  • Blood clots (DVT)

  • Nerve or blood vessel injury

  • Persistent pain or stiffness

  • Recurrence of symptoms

  • Ankle swelling (temporary)

Most complications are uncommon and can be managed with appropriate care.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Time Off Work

  • Desk-based jobs: 1–2 weeks; manual labor: 4–6 weeks.

 

Return to Driving

  • Typically 2–4 weeks, depending on pain and mobility.

 

Return to Activities & Sports

  • Low-impact activities at 4–6 weeks

  • high-impact sports at 8–12 weeks

 

Rehabilitation includes

  • Early range-of-motion exercises to prevent stiffness.

  • Gradual strengthening and proprioception training.

  • A return-to-sport program guided by a physiotherapist.

 

Most patients experience significant symptom relief and improved function within a few months.

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